The new volume, “The Geopolitics of Hydrogen: European Strategies in Global Perspective,” delves into how Europe is positioning itself in this evolving landscape.
The transition to a net-zero economy signifies more than just a shift in energy sources. It represents a profound transformation in global economic structures, necessitating changes in energy resource control and distribution of power. Historically, the availability of fossil fuels dictated geopolitical dynamics. However, as the world pivots towards renewable energy, new geopolitical and geoeconomic implications arise.
The competition among global powers such as the European Union, the United States, and China is intensifying. Each strives to secure a leadership position in the emerging green technologies market. This shift is not without resistance, especially from incumbent fossil fuel industries and their supporting socio-political structures. The contest is evident at various levels, from local protests against fossil fuel phase-outs to international negotiations on future energy frameworks.
Europe sees hydrogen as integral to achieving its climate goals, enhancing industrial competitiveness, and ensuring energy security. The European Union (EU) and its Member States are actively promoting a hydrogen economy. This ambition is reflected in various national strategies, each tailored to the unique industrial and political contexts of the Member States.
Key National Strategies
Germany aims to secure industrial leadership in a carbon-neutral economy through its hydrogen strategy. This involves significant investments in hydrogen technology and infrastructure to maintain its industrial prowess.
France focuses on domestic hydrogen production to decarbonize its industry and mobility sectors. By emphasizing local production, France aims to reduce dependence on external energy sources.
Spain envisions using hydrogen to reindustrialize and integrate more closely with the EU’s energy markets. This strategy includes leveraging hydrogen for economic revival and energy export.
The Netherlands is laying the groundwork for a scalable hydrogen value chain. Its approach includes creating a robust infrastructure and market conditions conducive to large-scale hydrogen adoption.
Europe’s hydrogen ambition also has a significant international dimension. The EU’s external climate and energy policies aim to foster global hydrogen markets and establish strategic partnerships. These efforts are crucial in positioning Europe as a leader in the global hydrogen economy.
