To eliminate diesel automobiles, the European Union has sacrificed half a million jobs in the auto sector.
They will no longer be marketed in the EU by 2035. By 2040, there will also be gasoline. The import and initial registration of old diesel automobiles will be prohibited in Ukraine beginning January 1, 2027, while gasoline and new diesel cars will be prohibited beginning January 1, 2030.
Three engine concepts—steam, electric, and internal combustion—were battling for survival in the 1820s. The public has an image of a puffing tank on wheels when it comes to steam traction. Engineers crammed everything into a little package. The steam automobile made nearly no noise, and a single refueling lasted for 2000 kilometers. For example, the Model E, produced by Doble Steam Motors in 1924, had a top speed of 160 km/h. I also took the 120 km/h bar in 10 seconds. An actual automobile against the backdrop of back-then-rudimentary internal-combustion-engine chaises. However, the economy triumphed. The Model E was ridiculously costly at the time, costing $18,000. Electric automobiles are also blown away, owing to their high cost and poor range without recharging. The normal power reserve ranged from 40 to 60 kilometers.
History has now completed a full circle. The only difference is that evolution is pushed by ecology rather than economics, which leads to climate change.
According to World Bank Vice President Mahtar Diop, transportation already accounts for 25% of global greenhouse gas emissions. If nothing is done, by 2050, it will have risen to 30%, if not more. The road to zero-carbon transportation is now open.
The prohibition of diesel and gasoline automobiles is merely one side of the coin. The water and the sky are two more. The International Chamber of Shipping (ICS), which represents 80% of the world’s commercial fleet, has urged for decarbonization of the industry. The ICS’s petition to the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the UN organization that regulates shipping globally, includes a strategy for what should be done and how it should be done. To encourage the use of green technology in shipping, ICS proposes a $5 billion fund and a $2 per tonne of fuel oil consumed carbon fee on carriers.
From 2023 forward, all of this will be a reality. At the same time, the International Civil Aviation Organization’s (ICAO) Council approved CORSIA, a set of criteria for evaluating emissions from international aviation travel. If air carriers’ CO2 emissions surpass 2019 levels beyond 2027, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) will levy a fee.
Only rail travel was bypassed by the carbon vise. On the other hand, they place large stakes on it, declaring it to be climate-friendly. Participants at a climate conference in Glasgow claimed that rail transit is 76 percent cleaner than car transport. Regardless, they intend to “clean up” the railroad business. Hydrogen locomotives will be used in locations where energy is unavailable. They’ve already been put to the test.
Alstom’s Coradia iLint’, for example, is a hydrogen raycobus. It was first shown in Berlin in 2016. In 2018, he flew on a regular basis. Successfully. The Coradia iLint’ can carry 150 passengers sitting and another 150 standing. The top speed is 140 kilometers per hour. The hydrogen supply is sufficient for 1000 kilometers. Bi-trains, or dual-mode: hydrogen Plus batteries, are used in the United Kingdom. The University of Birmingham Railway Research team created HydroFLEX. The hydrogen cell unit has deteriorated to the point that it can only generate 100 kW. As a result, the train does not exceed 50 mph. This is, however, just the first generation of #carbonfree locomotives.
Exceeding the next five years, vehicle transport over 300 kilometers in the European Union should be replaced by rail. Ukraine will be a part of this practice by default. The European Commission’s decision (dated December 14, 2021) amending the TEN-T corridors for product supply to the EU can be deemed the starting point. According to Olha Stefanyshina, Ukraine’s Deputy Prime Minister for Euro-Atlantic and European Integration, the new EU Global Gateway policy, which will reduce supply chains, will help Ukraine considerably.
“We are now witnessing a trend where nations in southern Europe are transferring their manufacturing to Ukraine’s territory in order to make it easier to sell goods to the EU’s eastern regions. For example, we’ve previously broadcast a slew of Italian documentaries about Poland and other surrounding countries. Because these initiatives cut transport costs, they are quite advantageous for growing our output.
According to the EU Strategy for Sustainable and Smart Mobility (Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy), freight traffic by rail in the EU should quadruple by 2050, while passenger travel should triple,” says Olga Stefanishina.
For future growth of the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) through Ukrainian transport corridors, the Vice Premier stated that the Ukrainian transport infrastructure must meet European standards. “For the time being, automobile transport is our primary mode of delivery to EU nations.” The proclamation of precedence over the railway, on the other hand, will encourage large-scale building in this area. This will open up the potential for Ukrainian railways to be included in the TEN-T network in the future. That is, Ukraine becomes a member of the European Union in terms of logistical channels, ” Olga Stefanishyna noted.
In response to the information request ZN. UA, the Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine supplied a list of options that the government aims to adopt or has already undertaken to decarbonize transportation. By 2030, a decisive step will be taken to replace public transportation with electric: beginning January 1, 2025, in cities with populations exceeding 300,000 people; beginning January 1, 2027, in other settlements; beginning January 1, 2028, for all other routes (intercity, interregional transportation); beginning January 1, 2030, only electric buses will be permitted for regular passenger transportation.
In addition, a law states that at least 90% of the carriers’ fleet must be electric buses manufactured in Ukraine. The government has already approved the appropriate bill. Even the Ministry of Infrastructure wants to make it illegal to import new and used cars with internal combustion engines: – beginning January 1, 2027, the import and first registration of used cars with a diesel internal combustion engines; – beginning January 1, 2030, the same for new and used petrol and diesel cars.
Cars that have already been registered and are in good working order will be given their own. One euro plate releases 1,000 times more greenhouse gases and other pollutants into the environment than a car using Euro-6 fuel, according to Aleksey Klimenko, Deputy Director for Research at GosavtotransNIIproekt State Enterprise. As a result, everyone will be graded according to their amount of environmental impact. Access to specific regions will be hampered as a result of this. Vehicles carrying a “bad” label, for example, will be prohibited from entering city centers, nature reserves, and other recreational places.
Oleksandr Dyachenko, Vice-President of the Energy Association “Ukrainian Hydrogen Council,” believes that there will be no idea war between hydrogen and electricity. Both paths, he believes, will complement one other.
“If you’re in a city and have a distance of up to 100 kilometers, electric is the way to go.” If there is a surplus, hydrogen will be used. Hydrogen is also used in trucks. Hydrogen will increase aviation efficiency by 2-3 times. Flights will become more affordable. According to A. Dyachenko, “Britain has already started a hydrogen medium-sized commercial aircraft operating on the route from Scotland to England.” He stated that the first hydrogen filling station will open in Ukraine in the second or third quarters of 2022, because the first hydrogen automobile is already on Ukrainian roads.
A typical hydrogen fueling station produces its own hydrogen. Electrolysis requires only current. Solar panels will be used to cover the stations for this purpose. Large gas stations will get hydrogen in cylinders since they will not have enough time to generate it in adequate quantities. Not just gas stations will be able to manufacture fuel in the future. Electrolysis is a procedure that may be carried out everywhere there is water and electricity. Any corporation may refill its own transportation if there is a solar or wind power plant nearby.
Of course, this is the 2040s perspective. Ukraine has also committed to reducing carbon emissions by 65 percent by 2030 compared to 1990. As a result, quick procedures are required. First and foremost, we should anticipate financial incentives for road carriers who, at the very least, move from KamAZ trucks to Euro-6 or electric traction.
Freight owners will be “requested” to move cargo flows to the railroads at the same time. The carbon tax is a mechanism that may be used to reduce interest rates. Currently, the price per metric ton of CO2 is between 3 and 4 euros. However, it will progressively be raised up to the European average of 60-80 euros per ton of CO2. Those that switch to the railroad or give up hydrocarbons in a timely manner will stay competitive. It’s also not inexpensive. Electric vehicles cost around $200,000 each. According to the Ukrainian Hydrogen Council EA, hydrogen ones start at 1 million euros.
