Global mean sea level has risen by 9.4 centimeters since 2000, with satellite data showing an average annual increase of 3.64 millimeters since 1999, according to the Copernicus Climate Change Service. The rate is not static. It has accelerated from 1.3 millimeters per year in the early 20th century to 3.7 millimeters per year in the most recent observational window assessed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
With demand for e-SAF projected to reach 36,000 tonnes by 2030 and surge beyond 160,000 tonnes by 2035, Europe’s aviation sector is entering a regulatory phase where compliance obligations are already outpacing industrial readiness, according to industry assessments cited by Scandinavian Airlines.
Wind and solar generated a combined 30 percent of the European Union’s electricity in 2025, surpassing fossil fuels at 29 percent for the first time and marking a structural shift in the bloc’s power system. This milestone reflects both accelerated renewable deployment and a policy-driven effort to reduce dependence on imported energy following recent supply disruptions.
Global renewable power capacity reached 5,149 gigawatts (GW) by end-2025, following a record 692 GW addition that marked a 15.5% annual increase, with renewables capturing 85.6% of all new capacity expansions.
Global LNG markets are operating under an extreme stress test as tanker traffic through the Strait of Hormuz collapses from an average of 94 vessels per day to just over five in early March 2026, with LNG and oil tanker flows falling from more than 53 per day to roughly two.
