Author: Anela Dokso

A Potential $1.5 Trillion Energy Source Beneath Mountain Ranges, Interview with Frank Zwaan

In the Pyrenees, a single tectonic system may generate enough hydrogen annually to power a city of 500,000—a figure extrapolated from peer-reviewed models simulating mantle rock hydration. This process, termed serpentinization, occurs when water infiltrates iron-rich mantle rocks that have been pushed upwards to depths of 7-15 kilometers, producing hydrogen gas. However, less than 0.1% of global hydrogen investment targets natural deposits, despite projections by Rystad Energy suggesting recoverable reserves could offset 10% of current synthetic hydrogen production costs by 2035.

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Natural Hydrogen

The global white hydrogen market, valued at approximately $4.05 billion in 2024, is projected to reach $10.53 billion by 2033, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10.30% during the forecast period. White hydrogen, naturally occurring within the Earth’s crust, offers a zero-emission energy source, aligning with global sustainability goals. Advancements in exploration and extraction technologies have enhanced the feasibility of accessing these natural hydrogen reserves, making white hydrogen a viable alternative to traditional fossil fuels. The increasing demand for sustainable energy solutions is a significant driver of the white hydrogen market. Industries are seeking greener alternatives to reduce…

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