China has initiated its first scientific drilling campaign for natural hydrogen with the launch of the “Jinhydrogen Ketan 1” well in Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia, marking a strategic step from theoretical research toward practical evaluation of this emerging energy resource.
The project, officially launched on October 8, 2025, coincides with the nation’s broader push to diversify energy sources while advancing its “dual carbon” objectives of peak emissions and carbon neutrality.
The initiative drew more than 40 leaders and experts from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Peking University, China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), and the China Geological Survey, highlighting the high-level coordination between academia, state enterprises, and local government. Academician Jin Zhijun of Peking University’s Ordos Energy Research Institute, alongside regional officials, pressed the ceremonial start button, symbolizing China’s entry into dedicated natural hydrogen exploration.
Natural hydrogen—also referred to as “white” or “golden” hydrogen—is produced naturally in the Earth’s crust. Its zero-carbon profile and low extraction costs position it as a potential game-changer in the global energy transition. Mali’s commercial production at $0.5 per kilogram has already drawn international attention, while Science magazine recognized the resource as one of 2023’s top scientific advances. Despite this global interest, dedicated exploratory wells remain rare, and China had previously not engaged in targeted natural hydrogen drilling.
The Xilinhot project builds on foundational research conducted since 2024 under the “Inner Mongolia Natural Hydrogen Enrichment Mechanism, Distribution Patterns, and Selection Area Evaluation” initiative. This program, led by the Autonomous Region’s Department of Science and Technology and Ordos City, mapped enrichment mechanisms and potential accumulation zones, producing a preliminary model for hydrogen in igneous rocks along the northern margin of North China. Favorable target zones identified included Xilinhot and Ordos, with Jinhydrogen Ketan 1 selected as the first drilling site.
Collaboration between Peking University Ordos Energy Research Institute, CNPC, China Geological Survey, and private investors like Ningxia Baofeng Energy Group demonstrates a multi-institutional approach to resource assessment. CNPC’s North China Oilfield Branch contributed critical expertise in regional data evaluation, re-examination of legacy wells, and target optimization, while local governments expedited approvals and site logistics, reflecting what officials described as the “Inner Mongolia speed” and “Inner Mongolia warmth.”
The well, located on the edge of the Jiergalangtu Sag in the Erlian Basin, is designed to reach a depth of 800 meters to gather geological data and evaluate the region’s hydrogen potential. The project addresses a significant gap in China’s energy infrastructure by establishing the country’s first dedicated natural hydrogen well and generating experience for future exploration. Analysts note that successful exploitation could diversify regional energy economies, reduce reliance on fossil fuels, and strengthen national energy security in line with long-term carbon reduction targets.
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