France has positioned itself as a pioneering force in the hydrogen sector, with a series of strategic initiatives aimed at integrating hydrogen into its energy system.
The European Union (EU) unveiled its hydrogen strategy in July 2020, setting ambitious goals for the production and use of renewable and low-carbon hydrogen. The strategy aims to establish a production capacity of 10 million tonnes of renewable hydrogen by 2030 and import an equivalent amount. This initiative is part of the EU’s broader objectives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and support economic growth through the hydrogen sector.
Hydrogen’s versatility as a raw material, fuel, and energy carrier positions it as a key element in decarbonizing industries such as transport, electricity, and construction. The EU’s strong industrial base in electrolyser production is expected to drive job creation and economic benefits.
France has been proactive in its hydrogen strategy, with significant milestones marked by the initial plan in 2018 and a more detailed strategy in 2020. The French hydrogen sector is robust, comprising over 450 members across the value chain, from large industrial groups to innovative start-ups. France Hydrogène, a key industry body, plays a central role in coordinating and promoting the sector’s development.
By 2022, France Hydrogène had cataloged over 250 hydrogen projects, projected to meet a demand of 680,000 to 870,000 tonnes per year by 2030. This aligns with the national strategy’s target of 6.5 gigawatts of electrolysis capacity by 2030.
France’s strategy is supported by substantial financial commitments, including a €7.2 billion allocation announced in September 2020, supplemented by €1.9 billion under the France 2030 plan. The French government has also facilitated funding through initiatives like Important Projects of Common European Interest (IPCEI), which support the development of key technologies and infrastructure.
Additionally, French companies are developing advanced electrolyser technologies and fuel cells, contributing to the broader European goals of reducing dependence on fossil fuels and achieving climate neutrality.
France’s strategy also includes innovative approaches to hydrogen production, such as the exploration of biomass thermolysis and natural gas plasmalysis. These alternatives could diversify the hydrogen supply and reduce dependence on traditional electrolysis methods, thereby enhancing energy security and sustainability.
However, the development of hydrogen transport networks and the integration of hydrogen into existing energy infrastructures are crucial for the sector’s success. Collaborative efforts between electricity and gas network operators, as highlighted in a joint study by RTE and GRTgaz, underline the importance of infrastructure synergies.
