Global mean sea level has risen by 9.4 centimeters since 2000, with satellite data showing an average annual increase of 3.64 millimeters since 1999, according to the Copernicus Climate Change Service. The rate is not static. It has accelerated from 1.3 millimeters per year in the early 20th century to 3.7 millimeters per year in the most recent observational window assessed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
Egypt is intensifying its push into the green hydrogen market through a national program designed to address one of the sector’s core barriers: project readiness. Launched by the Suez Canal Economic Zone in partnership with the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, the National Clean Hydrogen Program targets early-stage constraints that have slowed hydrogen deployment across emerging markets.
A planned Mediterranean green hydrogen hub in Alexandria is moving into structured feasibility assessment after AlexFert, a subsidiary of Valmore Holding, signed a memorandum of understanding with Orascom Construction, Abu Qir Fertilizers and Chemical Industries, and UEG Green Hydrogen Development Holding Limited during EGYPES 2026.
Green hydrogen projects globally are increasingly constrained not by ambition but by bankability, with early-stage development costs often preventing projects from reaching financial close. The African Development Bank is attempting to address that gap through a new continent-wide program designed to unlock project pipelines before large-scale capital is committed.
South Africa’s hydrogen ambitions continue to be constrained less by capital than by capability, with skills shortages emerging as a critical bottleneck in project execution and scale-up. A new training initiative led by Chemical Industries Education and Training Authority and Sasol signals a shift toward addressing that structural gap, albeit at an early stage.
Tensions around the Strait of Hormuz continue to expose a structural weakness in global logistics: a freight system still overwhelmingly dependent on diesel.
Namibia is positioning its green hydrogen strategy alongside China’s 15th Five-Year Plan for 2026 to 2030, signaling a shift from project-level cooperation toward broader industrial alignment.
The Dutch prosecution of Fleurette Properties has highlighted the limits of Western enforcement in addressing large-scale corruption in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Morocco is emerging as a continental leader in green hydrogen, leveraging its abundant solar and wind resources to position itself as a strategic supplier to Europe.
