At the recent American Trucking Association’s annual management conference in Austin, Texas, the trucking industry witnessed a paradigm shift with the showcase of Peterbilt’s hydrogen engine. This prototype, a DAF XF Euro-style high cab-over truck equipped with a modified Paccar MX-13 engine, is more than a glimpse into the future—it’s a major leap in sustainable trucking.
The heart of this groundbreaking technology lies in the modified PACCAR MX-13 engine, boasting an impressive 295 horsepower. Jacob White, director of product marketing at Peterbilt, highlighted the crucial modifications made to pistons, heads, and the fuel system. These adaptations were essential to harness the power of hydrogen fuel while maintaining efficiency and performance.
While the Peterbilt hydrogen engine is a significant step towards zero emissions, it does raise concerns about nitrogen oxide (NOx) production. While the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency currently recognizes it as zero emissions, the stance of the California Air Resources Board is yet to be determined. This underlines the ongoing challenges in achieving completely clean energy solutions in the transportation sector.
Adapting a traditional engine for hydrogen use required substantial changes, including alterations to the compression ratio and a lower-pressure system compared to diesel engines. These modifications play a pivotal role in ensuring optimal performance and efficiency, laying the groundwork for the integration of hydrogen technology in the trucking industry.
One key feature of the Peterbilt hydrogen engine is its hydrogen storage system, consisting of four 90-liter tanks. Similar to compressed natural gas (CNG) systems but operating under slightly higher pressure, this design reflects Peterbilt’s commitment to practical and efficient fuel storage, a crucial element for the success of hydrogen-powered vehicles.
Hydrogen engines, exemplified by the Peterbilt prototype, present numerous advantages. Lower acquisition costs and fuel expenses, when compared to fuel-cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), position hydrogen combustion engines as a cost-effective alternative. Their flexibility in extending range by adding more fuel tanks makes them a practical solution for long-haul trucking.
A thorough cost-benefit analysis reveals that the Peterbilt hydrogen engine offers a financially viable alternative to traditional diesel engines and FCEVs. Its simpler design and operation could result in substantial savings for trucking companies, making it an attractive proposition in the evolving landscape of heavy-duty trucks.
As the recipient of the 2022 Truck Innovation Award, the Peterbilt hydrogen engine has already garnered recognition for its potential in reshaping the trucking industry. While still in the prototype stage, Peterbilt is actively working toward a production version, signaling a promising future for hydrogen-powered trucks. The company’s exploration of both electric and hydrogen technologies underscores its commitment to diverse, sustainable solutions in the pursuit of cleaner trucking.
